Islamic Education System in Indonesia

In this time I would like to share some interesting topics about Islamic Education System in Indonesia. It's all still about Education in Indonesia.

Talking about Islamic Education in Indonesia it'll describe you to some different Education Style. You see in the whole place in Indonesia to a name named Pesantren. Pesantren has Established for long time with the long History of Pesantren.

Education is a conscious effort made by humans to develop the potential of another human being or moving its values ​​to others in the community. The process of transfer of value that can be done in various ways, among which are, first, through teaching, the process of moving the value in (science) knowledge from a teacher to a student or students from one generation to the next. Secondly, through training conducted by way of doing a particular job familiarize a person to acquire the skills do the job. Third, through indoctrination organized so that people imitate or follow only what is taught others without allowing the recipient to question the values ​​that are taught, or moved it.

Thirdly there is the educational process and often go together in human society in the world, both in primitive and modern societies. And if studied carefully transferred it turns out that in general are elements of cultural value that contains: (1) morals or ethics, (2) beauty or estitika, (3) knowledge, and (4) technology.

The transfer of the four elements that always happens to human culture in human history. The only difference is the emphasis. At the moment when, in a given society, which emphasized morality and beauty possible, at other times, in other societies as well, which is the preferred posed or science and technology as in our time (Hasan Langgulung, 1979:3-4 ).

In the Islamic educational system, in addition to the four values ​​of human culture, the values ​​are also transferred the value that comes from the Lord, which is revelation or religion, that by 1977 global Islamic Educational Conference in Mecca formulated with the eternal knowledge.

Education held by human beings always rely upon a worldview or philosophy adopted by human society concerned, because every society has its own falasafah and outlook on life. A view of life that gives the direction in which education will go and how to move these values. Worldview is precisely what determines the educational goals of a society.

In a secular society berasakan understand secularism, secularism both pragmatic (benign secularism) as found in America and Europe, as well as secularism athies Marxist (secularism malignant) as in the Soviet Union and its satellite states in the (first) engraved view that human happiness can be achieved by only improve the situation ekomoni or sufficient material needs required by humans alone.

Therefore, the ability of humans to be developed through education aimed at meeting the needs of sheer material. The purpose of education was, therefore immaterial or materialistic.

B. Philosophy and Objectives of Islamic Education
The purpose of secular education as mentioned above is consistent with the philosophy of life which they profess, but not necessarily in accordance with the philosophy that became the foundation of Muslim life philosophy of Islamic education. Philosophy of Islamic Education is a human view of Muslims about the transfer process and the value of the business development of human talent and the willingness to be able to determine the status, duties, and functions in this world in the run of his life to get to the afterlife (later).

Starting from this view, it is an Islamic education is the process of delivering information in the context of the formation of the insane faith and fear so that people realize the position, duties and functions in this world by always maintaining a relationship with God, self, society, and the natural surroundings and responsible to God Almighty, man (including his own) and the environment.

The purpose of Islamic education should be in accordance with the purpose of life and directed to achieve the goal of Muslim life in prayer who always read every time you make a prayer, which is also a vow to God that prayer, worship, life and death solely for the Lord God cried all the worlds. Thus the goal of a Muslim life is the pleasure of Allah vertically and horizontally is a blessing for the universe. The purpose of this Muslim life is also the goal of Islamic education which redefined by four hundred Muslim scholars and thinkers who come from different corners of the world in the global Islamic Educational Conference in Mecca (1977) as mentioned above.

The purpose of Islamic education in tune with the goals of Muslim life, as stated earlier, allowing Muslim men to understand his position as a servant of God, his duty to worship solely to Allah, ie to serve, execute only devotion to God alone, either in a special sense, and wide.

Islamic educational purposes above, is also expected to grow and develop in man the four sense of responsibility, namely: (1) responsibility to God, (2) liability to his own conscience, (3) responsibility to society, and ( 4) the responsibility of maintaining all of which are in the heavens and the earth and what is in them as a gift of God to man, including property held for the benefit of human beings and the natural environment.

C. Characteristic of Islamic Education System
Islamic methodology in conducting education is to take a holistic approach to the human form, so that nothing is left behind and neglected at all, in terms of both physical and spiritual terms, both their lives and their lives mentally and all activity on earth.

Islam considers the totality of man, approached on the basis of what is contained in his self, on the basis of nature that God has given him, there is no iota being ignored and not impose anything other than what is made in accordance with his nature.

When people can see the facilities owned by Muslims in the conduct of education, then he will be amazed to see the extraordinary precision of Islam in dealing with human existence. Thoroughness in working on any elements of the right, as if prepared so that it is perfect and has no equal.

Islam is a religion of nature, therefore no one system can ever mendekato nature do it like Islam or produce something once cultivated and got win in the right place just as that produced Islam.

Islam is not only the consumption of the right members to each facet to human, but also a member of the famil-part dosing right, no more and no less. Thus, after each get parts and measuring exactly right anyway, people worked diligently, productive, and agile for his life.

D. Education System in Indonesia
In the early development of Islam in Indonesia, Islamic education implemented informally. Islam came to Indonesia was brought by Muslim traders. While trade they broadcast the Islamic religion to the people who surround those who buy his wares. That's every chance they provide education and Islamic teachings.

Upbringing and the teachings of Islam they provide with deeds, with examples and emulate the example. They apply manners, warm-hearted, sincere, trust and confidence, loving and generous, honest and fair, keep promises and honor the child's country customs. Thus Be interested local residents wanted to embrace Islam

That the teachers of Islamic religion at that time to implement Islamic broadcasting anytime, anywhere and anyone at every opportunity, at the edge of time while waiting for a boat that will transport goods across, at the banquet, in the meadow, in the market, in a coffee shop and so on. That is where Islam is taught and educate to those with cata easy and thus people will easily accept and do it anyway.

This process continues and the relationship between religion advocates the country more closely with the child so as to allow the formation of a more powerful brotherhood, and the way it can be lowered marriage is the next generation of Muslims.

Education and formal Islamic teaching this was found to be very good at all and even amazing, because with the gradual spread of Islam in the Indonesian archipelago, from Sabang to the Moluccas.

As for the factors why the religion of Islam spread rapidly throughout Indonesia at that time was as follows:

1. Islamic religion is not narrow and do not weight the rules, even easily followed by any group of human beings, even to convert to Islam enough to say two sentences creed alone.
2. Little tasks and obligations in Islam.
3. Islamic Broadcasting was done gradually, bit by bit.
4. Islamic Broadcasting is done by means of wisdom and the best possible way.
5. Islamic Broadcasting is done with common words that are easily understood, can be understood by the lower class to the upper class with the words of the Prophet Muhammad that means: you talk to the man according to their reasonable levels.

This informal system of Islamic education, particularly that runs in the family already recognized its value in planting joints religion in the souls of children. Children educated with the teachings of the religion since childhood in his family. They are accustomed to doing acts preceded reading Basmallah. They are trained to read the Quran, to pray with the congregation, fasting in Ramadan and others.

Religious education efforts in the community that became known to the non-formal education, was able to provide excellent conditions in the success of Islamic education and provide a strong motivation for Muslims to hold religious education better and more perfect. 

Due to the rapid spread of Islam in Indonesia and because of the ease of people converted to Islam, then a lot of parents who do not have sufficient knowledge of Islam to educate their children. That is exactly what their children told to go to break or surau to recite to a teacher of the Koran or religious teacher. Even in communities that there is a strong religious tradition requires children 7 years old and his mother left home and lived in the mosque or break to recite the religious teacher. 

Indeed, in the form of the beginning, Islamic education in the surau or mosque violated or is still very simple. Principal amount they had just broadcast a spirit of religion for those who have had knowledge of religion and the spirit of studying for the children. That religion is important for teachers to give his knowledge to anyone, especially in children. 

In education centers like this, in the mosque, break, mosque or even on the porch of the teacher, gathered a number of students, large and small, sitting on the floor, facing the teacher, to learn the Koran. Teaching time is usually given in the evening or at night, because during the afternoon the kids to help their parents work, while the teacher is also working to make a living of his own family. Thus the implementation of religious education in these children did not interfere with daily work, both for parents and children to the religious teachers. That is why, the lessons of religion and religious practice that has the support of parents and teachers instead of the whole village community or village. 

Islamic education places like that is the embryonic formation of the education system of Islamic boarding school and formal education in the form of lean madrassas or religious schools. 

This boarding school is growing as the embodiment of a strategy to maintain the existence of Muslims against Western colonial influence and effect surau or mosque or break a place to hold religious education is no longer able to accommodate the number of children who want to recite. In addition it is also driven by the desire to further intensify the religious education of children. Then the teacher with the help of the people around the building extending mosque, or mosques to violate the Koran and at the same place as a dormitory for the children. That way the kids do not have to commute back home to their parents. Children lived with the teacher settle in the place. Place the Koran is called Boarding School. 

True to its name, the lodge means a place to stay (dormitory), and boarding schools where the students recite means Islam. So Boarding School is where students (called students) and the Islamic Koran once lodged in that place. 

His students living in the boarding school assortment as one family under the leadership of the teacher. They learn to live alone, to wash themselves and take care of himself. The material necessities of life such as rice and so they brought from the village itself. 

Education at the boarding school system is still the same as the education system in the mosque, or mosques violated, only more intensely and for longer periods. 

At the boarding school, students, big and small sitting around (halaqah) surrounds the teacher. They received the same lesson. There is no specific drafted a curriculum based on age, length of study or level of knowledge. It is up to the student to choose an area of ​​knowledge of what they will be learning and at a level where they want to start a lesson. 

A newly enrolled student at the boarding school, not directly studied in the gur in the boarding school, except when he's been able to. Usually a new student, studying first at the teacher's assistant, who is a student who has far studies, called auxiliary or substitute teacher. When students have to read and can understand rudimentary book, then he accompanies the group directly Koran on the boarding school teacher. 

Efforts to provide education according to plan regular Islam actually began in 1476 with the establishment of Bayangkara Islah in Demak NCO turned out to be the first organization of Islamic education in Indonesia. In the work plan of the Islah Bayangkara mentioned among others:

1. Soil Java-Madura divided into several sections for education and jobs for teaching. Leaders work in every bagin headed by a guardian and a helper (badal)
2. The trustee and the substitute, in addition to be proficient in the science of religion, must also maintain good character and noble self, in order to be a role model for the people around him.
3. To be easily understood and accepted by the society upbringing and the teachings of Islam should be given to the road through a culture of life in a society that does not violate Islamic rules of origin '
4. The Officer must immediately established a grand mosque to be a source of knowledge and business hub of education and teaching of Islam.

Islamic education system changed in line with the changing times and shifting power in Indonesia. In line with the colonial government (Netherlands) started to introduce formal education system more systematic and organized which began to attract Muslims to enter. Therefore, the Islamic education system in the surau, mosque or violated or such other place, in the view is no longer sufficient and needs to be updated and refined.
The realization of those desires reinforced the fact that the provision of education in the school system like the Western system will give better results. That is precisely the start held businesses to enhance the existing system of Islamic education. Islamic education in the mosque, break, mosques or other places like refined into a boarding school or madrasa education institutions are based on religion. 

Thus the formal education system, schools or madrassas, began to spread everywhere, even among the boarding school has been applied also to the madrasah school system, in addition to the educational system and the teaching of existing boarding school. 

In the development of this school sitem divided into two kinds of madrassas that provide special education and religious teaching called Diniyah Madrasah, and madrasah in addition to providing education and religious instruction also gives general subjects. For basic level called Madrasah Ibtida'iyah, for the first so-called mid-level and junior secondary school to upper secondary level called Madrasah Aliyah. 

In line with the increasing of the need for education and instruction in Islam, then came the formal educational institutions based on religion, where religious education is a basic program, for example SMP Islam, Islamic SKP, SPG Islam and so on. 

Similarly, after we won our independence and have independence, the Indonesian government was very concerned about the growth of Islamic religious education. In this case Islamic religious education as one of the subject areas be integrated in the school curriculum. And at this time all religious educational institutions, both formal, informal and non-formal walks and continue to grow, and the particulars of religious education in schools, the MPR set in the Guidelines that religious education be included in school curriculum right from primary school to university.

That's it and thanks to watch this Islamic Education System in Indonesia. I hope it helps.